Which philosopher should I read that manages to balance logic,?
All those fields? There are very few. Aristotle is the ancient example who covered Logic, Metaphysics, Psychology, Ethics, Politics, Law, and Religion like nobody before him and he also added the Natural Sciences to his works. Aristotle was so widely imitated for so long, that one must skip 1400 years to Anselm for any innovation. Anselms innovation was in Metaphysics with his Ontological proof in Religion.. Brilliant, yet Anselm neglected almost every other field. So we jump to modern times...